What is emmetropia?

• A. Normal vision
• B. Hyperopia (farsighted)
• C. Myopia (nearsighted)
• D. Presbyopia

Answer: (A)

Emmetropia is normal vision. It means the eye’s optical system (cornea and lens) has the right focal length to bring light from distant objects into sharp focus directly on the retina when the eye is relaxed. In this state, there’s no refractive error, so distant objects appear clear without glasses.

If you’re farsighted (hyperopia), light tends to focus behind the retina, making distance vision blurry unless the eye uses extra effort (accommodation). If you’re nearsighted (myopia), light focuses in front of the retina, blurring distant objects. If you’re presbyopic, usually with aging, the eye loses its ability to focus up close due to a stiffer lens, causing near vision to blur. So normal vision corresponds to emmetropia.